HOMA-IR Calculator
Assess insulin resistance and beta-cell function using fasting glucose and insulin levels.
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Formula
Calculates the "Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance." Higher numbers indicate lower insulin sensitivity.
Worked Example
Understanding HOMA-IR and Insulin Resistance
- US formula: HOMA-IR = (Fasting Insulin uU/mL x Fasting Glucose mg/dL) / 405
- SI formula: HOMA-IR = (Fasting Insulin uU/mL x Fasting Glucose mmol/L) / 22.5
- Below 1.0: optimal insulin sensitivity. 1.0 to 1.9: normal range. 2.0 to 2.9: early resistance. Above 2.9: significant resistance
- HOMA-IR can detect insulin resistance years before A1c becomes elevated
- Fasting for 8 to 12 hours is required for accurate results
HOMA-IR is a screening tool, not a definitive diagnosis. Discuss abnormal results with your healthcare provider for further evaluation.
You can also calculate changes using our HbA1c to eAG Calculator or Waist-to-Height Ratio Calculator.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a normal HOMA-IR score?
A score below 1.0 is considered optimal insulin sensitivity. Scores of 1.0 to 1.9 are in the normal range. Values above 2.0 suggest early insulin resistance, and above 2.9 indicate significant resistance that warrants medical evaluation.
How is HOMA-IR calculated?
In US units: (Fasting Insulin in uU/mL x Fasting Glucose in mg/dL) / 405. In SI units: (Fasting Insulin x Fasting Glucose in mmol/L) / 22.5. For example, insulin 10 uU/mL and glucose 90 mg/dL gives a HOMA-IR of 2.22.
What causes high HOMA-IR?
Excess body fat (especially visceral abdominal fat), sedentary lifestyle, high-sugar diets, chronic stress, poor sleep, and genetic predisposition are primary contributors to elevated insulin resistance.
Can HOMA-IR detect prediabetes before A1c?
Yes. Insulin resistance often develops years before blood sugar rises enough to elevate A1c. HOMA-IR can identify metabolic dysfunction at an earlier, more reversible stage.
What fasting conditions are required?
You should fast for 8 to 12 hours before the blood draw. Both fasting glucose and fasting insulin must be drawn from the same sample or at the same time for accurate results.
How can I lower my HOMA-IR?
Regular aerobic exercise, losing 5% to 10% of body weight, reducing refined carbohydrates and added sugars, improving sleep quality, and managing stress have all been shown to improve insulin sensitivity.
Medical Disclaimer
This calculator is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making any decisions based on these results. Do not disregard or delay seeking medical advice because of information obtained from this tool.
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Our AI assistant provides general estimates and advice only. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions.
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