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Parkland Formula Calculator

Calculate fluid resuscitation requirements for burn patients.

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Formula

Volume = 4 * Weight * TBSA%

Estimates the volume of lactated Ringer's solution needed in the first 24 hours after a significant burn.

Worked Example

70kg patient, 30% TBSA burn -> 8400 mL in 24 hours.

The Parkland Formula for Burns

The Parkland (or Baxter) formula is widely used to guide fluid resuscitation in burn patients. Correct fluid management is critical to prevent burn shock and organ failure.
  • Formula: 4 mL × Weight (kg) × % TBSA burned = Total fluid for first 24 hours
  • Half (50%) of the volume is given in the first 8 hours after the burn occurred
  • The remaining half (50%) is given over the next 16 hours
  • TBSA (%) is typically estimated using the "Rule of Nines"

Formula results are only an initial estimate. Resuscitation must be titrated based on clinical response, primarily hourly urine output (targeting 0.5-1.0 mL/kg/hr in adults).

You can also calculate changes using our IV Drip Rate Calculator or Creatinine Clearance Calculator.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Parkland formula?

It is a mathematical formula used to estimate how much fluid a burn victim needs in the first 24 hours to stay hydrated and stable.

What is TBSA?

TBSA stands for Total Body Surface Area. It refers to the percentage of the patient's skin that has been damaged by second or third-degree burns.

How is the fluid delivered?

Usually, the first half of the total calculated fluid is given as fast as possible over the first 8 hours, and the rest over the next 16 hours.

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